Question 1

The anti-malarial drug chloroquine was used for years to prevent malaria.This drug worked by inhibiting the formation of hemozoin in the parasite,which resulted in:

Accepted Answer

A)  destabilization of the parasitic cytoplasmic membrane.
B)  the inhibition of transcriptional processes in the parasite.
C)  the inhibition of translational processes in the parasite.
D)  accumulation of toxic metabolic products in the parasite.
E)  destabilization of the endoplasmic reticulum in the parasite.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E) D

Question 2

Hemozoin is produced:

Accepted Answer

A)  Within the ookinete of Plasmodium
B)  Within the mosquito salivart gland
C)  As a product of MSP7 catalysis
D)  Within the parasitophorous vaculole
E)  In pesticide resistant mosquitoes onlyF) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 3

How do spores of the causative agent of Dutch elm disease,Ophiostoma novo-ulmi,spread from a dead infected tree to a non-infected tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  an airborne route of transmission
B)  woodpeckers
C)  an elm beetle
D)  squirrels that live in the dead tree
E)  mosquitosF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Sandflies are vectors for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Malaria
B)  Acute African sleeping sickness
C)  Chronic African sleeping sickness
D)  Leishmaniasis
E)  Chagas diseaseF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

What is the causative agent of malaria?

Accepted Answer

A)  a fungus
B)  a virus
C)  a bacterium
D)  a protozoan
E)  a helminthF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

How does transmission of Ascaris lumbricoides occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  By eating improperly cooked pork.
B)  Through a respiratory route.
C)  By consuming fecal-contaminated food or water.
D)  Through a blood-borne route.
E)  Via an arthropod vector.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of these is an example of an opportunistic disease-causing protozoan in AIDS patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasmodium vivax
B)  Trypanosoma brucei
C)  Giardia lamblia
D)  Entamoeba histolytica
E)  Toxoplasma gondiiF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Malaria was eradicated in the United States by 1951.This was primarily accomplished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  successful vaccine development.
B)  the use of preventative drugs.
C)  successful antibiotic therapy.
D)  reduction of the mosquito population.
E)  the quarantine of infected individuals.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Which of these is used in the most reliable test for the diagnosis of malaria in an individual?

Accepted Answer

A)  An ELISA-based test of a serum sample.
B)  Microscopic examination of a stained blood smear.
C)  A biopsy of liver tissue.
D)  Antibody-coated latex beads to test a blood sample.
E)  Tissue culture techniques for growth of the pathogen from a blood sample.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 10

A predator likely to be affected by saxitoxin in the wild is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexandrium minutum
B)  Acartia tonsa
C)  Amanita phalloides
D)  Amanita muscaria
E)  Trypanosoma bruceiF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 11

How do trypanosomes evade host defense mechanisms to cause disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  By killing phagocytic cells.
B)  By avoiding phagocytosis through capsule production.
C)  By replicating inside white-blood cells.
D)  By binding the Fc region of immunoglobulins.
E)  By an antigenic variation mechanism.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

What resulted from the deletion of the merozoite surface protein 7 gene (msp7) in a strain of Plasmodium falciparum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poor replication of the pathogen in the liver.
B)  Poor attachment to and invasion of red blood cells.
C)  Poor differentiation of merozoite into gametocytes.
D)  The disruption of the life cycle in the mosquito.
E)  Increased destruction of red blood cells.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E) B

Question 13

Which of these conditions will likely ensure an immunocompromised host? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  A change in the microflora because of antibiotic therapy.
B)  Immunosuppression natural to pregnancy
C)  Altered immune status due to administration of immunosuppressive drugs
D)  an individual who is very elderly
E)  Altered immune status of the individual due to HIVF) B) and D)
G) B) and C) B,C,D,E

Question 14

Which of these worms causes anemia? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  Hookworms
B)  Roundworms
C)  Whipworms
D)  Pinworms
E)  SchistosomesF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

Why are trypanosomes not endemic to the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because of an active vaccination program.
B)  Because the insect vector is absent.
C)  Because the weather is too cold.
D)  Because antibiotics keep the disease in check.
E)  Because of rigorous water treatment standards.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Candida albicans frequently causes the disease ___________ in AIDS patients,which is characterized by thick white lesions in the mouth.

Accepted Answer

A)  cankers
B)  thrush
C)  leishmaniasis
D)  chancre
E)  impetigoF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Which factors have made it difficult to acchieve world eradication of malaria? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  Mosquito pesticide resistance
B)  Plasmodium drug resistance
C)  Human drug resistance
D)  Climatic conditions such as drought
E)  Climatic conditions such as monsoonal weatherF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

Why are individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle cell trait partially protected from developing malaria?

Accepted Answer

A)  They make antibody against the malarial pathogen.
B)  Their infected red blood cells become sickled and are destroyed.
C)  They develop a strong cell-mediated response against the malarial pathogen.
D)  Their red blood cells cannot be infected by the malarial pathogen.
E)  Their red blood cells contain very little hemoglobin.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

The parasite which is less likely to infect α-amanitin-resistant fruit fly species is:

Accepted Answer

A)  
D)  falleni
B)  
D)  recens
C)  H) aoronymphium
D)  
B)  dendrobatidis
E)  X) laevisF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Plasmodium falciparum uses this protein to steal nutrients from host cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  HC toxin
B)  α-amanitin
C)  PfNT1
D)  Saxitoxin
E)  None is a correct choiceF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Exam 23: Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

The anti-malarial drug chloroquine was used for years to prevent malaria.This drug worked by inhibiting the formation of hemozoin in the parasite,which resulted in:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Hemozoin is produced:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do spores of the causative agent of Dutch elm disease,Ophiostoma novo-ulmi,spread from a dead infected tree to a non-infected tree?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sandflies are vectors for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the causative agent of malaria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does transmission of Ascaris lumbricoides occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is an example of an opportunistic disease-causing protozoan in AIDS patients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Malaria was eradicated in the United States by 1951.This was primarily accomplished by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is used in the most reliable test for the diagnosis of malaria in an individual?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A predator likely to be affected by saxitoxin in the wild is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do trypanosomes evade host defense mechanisms to cause disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What resulted from the deletion of the merozoite surface protein 7 gene (msp7) in a strain of Plasmodium falciparum?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of these conditions will likely ensure an immunocompromised host? (Select all that apply)

Correct AnswerverifiedB,C,D,E

Which of these worms causes anemia? (Select all that apply)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are trypanosomes not endemic to the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Candida albicans frequently causes the disease ___________ in AIDS patients,which is characterized by thick white lesions in the mouth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which factors have made it difficult to acchieve world eradication of malaria? (Select all that apply)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle cell trait partially protected from developing malaria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The parasite which is less likely to infect α-amanitin-resistant fruit fly species is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasmodium falciparum uses this protein to steal nutrients from host cells:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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B

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B,C,D,E

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