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The SI unit for the energy absorbed is


A) becquerel.
B) gray.
C) rad.
D) sivert.
E) rem.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture?


A) Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒPu +Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒHe →Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒCm
B) Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒNa →Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒNe +Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒΒ
C) Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒCm →Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒPu +Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒHe
D) Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒAr +Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒΒ →Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒCl
E) Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒNi →Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒCu +Which nuclear reaction is an example of electron capture? A) Pu + He → Cm B) Na → Ne + Β C) Cm → Pu + He D) Ar + Β → Cl E) Ni → Cu + ΒΒ

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Match the following. -curie


A) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the number of radioactive events per unit time
B) atoms which undergo spontaneous nuclear decay
C) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of tissue damage;this unit accounts for the different energies of each type of radiation
D) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of energy absorbed by a specific mass of sample
E) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of ionization caused by the radiation
F) a succession of spontaneous nuclear decays,often resulting in an atom of lead as the final product
G) a nuclear reaction that continues on its own after initiation because the number of neutrons produced is greater than the number of neutrons consumed
H) a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus is split into two fragments similar in size with additional small particles released
I) a general term which refers to particles found in the nucleus
J) atoms which do not undergo spontaneous nuclear decay
K) the joining of small nuclei into a larger nucleus

L) C) and J)
M) A) and B)

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Match the following. -stable isotopes


A) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the number of radioactive events per unit time
B) atoms which undergo spontaneous nuclear decay
C) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of tissue damage;this unit accounts for the different energies of each type of radiation
D) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of energy absorbed by a specific mass of sample
E) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of ionization caused by the radiation
F) a succession of spontaneous nuclear decays,often resulting in an atom of lead as the final product
G) a nuclear reaction that continues on its own after initiation because the number of neutrons produced is greater than the number of neutrons consumed
H) a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus is split into two fragments similar in size with additional small particles released
I) a general term which refers to particles found in the nucleus
J) atoms which do not undergo spontaneous nuclear decay
K) the joining of small nuclei into a larger nucleus

L) C) and G)
M) A) and D)

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If 75.0 mg of potassium-42 was administered to a patient at 10 AM on Monday,how many mg will remain at 10 AM on Thursday of that same week? The half life of K-42 is 12 hours.


A) 37.5 mg
B) 1.17 mg
C) 18.8 mg
D) 9.38 mg

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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List and discuss two criteria used to choose appropriate radioisotopes for use as tracers in medical imaging procedures.

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One criterion is that they have a relati...

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When an atom loses an alpha particle,


A) its atomic number decreases by 2 units and its mass number decreases by 4 units.
B) its atomic number increases by 1 unit but its mass number remains unchanged.
C) its mass number decreases by 1 unit but its atomic number remains unchanged.
D) neither its atomic number nor its mass number changes.
E) its atomic number increases by 2 units and its mass number increases by 4 units.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Match the following. -roentgen


A) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the number of radioactive events per unit time
B) atoms which undergo spontaneous nuclear decay
C) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of tissue damage;this unit accounts for the different energies of each type of radiation
D) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of energy absorbed by a specific mass of sample
E) a unit of measurement of radiation based on the amount of ionization caused by the radiation
F) a succession of spontaneous nuclear decays,often resulting in an atom of lead as the final product
G) a nuclear reaction that continues on its own after initiation because the number of neutrons produced is greater than the number of neutrons consumed
H) a nuclear reaction in which a large nucleus is split into two fragments similar in size with additional small particles released
I) a general term which refers to particles found in the nucleus
J) atoms which do not undergo spontaneous nuclear decay
K) the joining of small nuclei into a larger nucleus

L) A) and F)
M) E) and F)

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Electron capture involves the conversion of a proton to a neutron by


A) emitting an electron.
B) seizing an inner shell electron.
C) seizing an outer shell electron.
D) obtaining a gamma particle.
E) obtaining an electron from a p orbital.

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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The major source of radiation exposure for the general population is


A) medical sources.
B) nuclear power plants.
C) industrial activities.
D) radon in homes.
E) space.

F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

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How many neutrons will be produced in the reaction shown? How many neutrons will be produced in the reaction shown? Cm + C → No +________ N A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) cannot be determinedCm + How many neutrons will be produced in the reaction shown? Cm + C → No +________ N A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) cannot be determinedC →How many neutrons will be produced in the reaction shown? Cm + C → No +________ N A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) cannot be determinedNo +________ How many neutrons will be produced in the reaction shown? Cm + C → No +________ N A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) cannot be determinedN


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) cannot be determined

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The half-life of sodium-24 is 15.0 hours.What percentage of a sample of sodium-24 remains after 75.0 hours?


A) 0.00%
B) 3.13%
C) 6.25%
D) 12.5%
E) 25.0%

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment?


A) Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HU →Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HHe +Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HTh
B) Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HSe →Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HΒ +Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HBr
C) Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HI →Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HI + energy
D) Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HU +Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HN →Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HBa +Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HKr + 3Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HN
E) Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HN +Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HHe →Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HO +Which reaction illustrates artificial transmutation by alpha bombardment? A) U → He + Th B) Se → Β + Br C) I → I + energy D) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N E) N + He → O + HH

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following isotopes can be used to monitor spleen function?


A) .99Tc
B) .14C
C) .3H
D) .131I
E) .60Co

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is


A) The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.H +The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.H→ The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.He +The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.N.
B) The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.U +The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.N →The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.Ba +The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.Kr + 3The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.N.
C) The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.N +The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.N →The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.C +The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.H.
D) The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.C →The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.N +The fusion reaction that supplies the energy of the sun is A) H + H→<sup></sup><sup> </sup> He + N. B) U + N → Ba + Kr + 3 N. C) N + N → C + H. D) C → N + Β.Β.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Ionizing radiation is dangerous to living things because


A) it causes nuclear reactions.
B) it causes thermal burns.
C) it alters the chemical structure of atoms or molecules.
D) it causes electrons to be captured by the nucleus.
E) its penetrating power varies with its source.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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An unstable isotope generally has


A) low neutron to proton ratio.
B) high neutron to proton ratio.
C) equal number of protons and neutrons.
D) equal number of protons and electrons.
E) change in the charge of the nucleus.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which is the best description of gamma radiation?


A) charge +2;mass of 4 amu;high penetrating power
B) charge +2;mass of 4 amu;low penetrating power
C) charge -1;mass of 0 amu;medium penetrating power
D) charge -1;mass of 0 amu;high penetrating power
E) charge 0;mass of 0 amu;high penetrating power

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following is an example of a subatomic particle?


A) electron
B) proton
C) neutron
D) none of these
E) all of these

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Ionizing radiation is


A) radiation that only interacts with ions.
B) the same as a proton.
C) a neutron that has acquired a charge,thus forming an ion.
D) high-energy radiation that removes electrons from atoms or molecules.
E) given off by ions and reacts with nuclei.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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